Why they matter: Large randomised cardiovascular and renal outcome trials (EMPA-REG OUTCOME, DAPA-HF, DAPA-CKD, EMPEROR-Reduced/Preserved, CREDENCE, EMPA-KIDNEY) consistently showed reductions in heart-failure hospitalisation, progression of chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular death
Fat freezing is most effective for individuals with pinchable, distinct pockets of subcutaneous fat that resist regular diet and exercise
Canyelles M, Tondo M, Ced L, Farrs M, Escol-Gil JC, Blanco-Vaca F
Hypoxia stimulates neural stem cell proliferation by increasing HIF-1 expression and activating Wnt/-catenin signaling
These studies also indicate that daily consumption of l-carnitine, even while maintaining a vegan/vegetarian diet, can induce the gut microbiotadependent BBTMA transformation, resulting in heightened formation of the atherogenic and prothrombotic metabolite TMAO