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There is significant epidemiological evidence demonstrating that MASLD is a risk factor for the development of HCC, with current data indicating that HCC associated with MASLD may occur in a substantial number of patients who have not developed cirrhosis [70]

Key Points Native human GLP-1 normalizes hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the short in vivo half-life of this hormone limits its therapeutic application A number of synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonists, with half-lives between 23 h and several days, have been developed for the long-term treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus Short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as exenatide and lixisenatide) predominantly lower postprandial glucose levels and insulin concentrations via retardation of gastric emptying Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide long-acting release and liraglutide) predominantly lower blood glucose levels through stimulation of insulin secretion and reduction of glucagon levels Adverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists include nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, injection-site reactions, antibody formation and increased heart rate This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access 119.00 per year only 9.92 per issue Buy this article Purchase on SpringerLink Instant access to the full article PDF

The article presents ranges such as 15 to 28 percent for sulfur burps and 40 to 50 percent for nausea without naming the trials or datasets behind them, so the figures cannot be traced to a source from the post alone

Frequency: Typically 3 treatments 4-6 weeks apart, then maintenance treatments every 4-6 months

The ripple effects of improved energy, mobility, and confidence can enhance relationships, career performance, and day-to-day satisfaction