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10.1016/j.ejmhg.2012.04.003 96 UlrichC
A study reported that histological abnormalities were first observed in the esophageal tissues of rats with reflux esophagitis, and found that the recruitment of inflammatory cells and the expression of inflammatory chemokines within the esophageal mucosal epithelium were significantly earlier than the macroscopically or microscopically visible esophageal epithelial cell injury ( in vitro studies, transient exposure of human esophageal squamous epithelial cells to acidic bile salt solution did not result in epithelial cell necrosis, but rather promoted cellular secretion of IL-8 and IL-1, which induced recruitment of lymphocytes and neutrophils further leading to epithelial cell necrosis ( Bacterial colonies stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through multiple effector pathways, including the formation of inflammatory vesicles and nuclear factor-B (NF-B), stress kinases, and interferon regulatory factor (IRF)
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and mild gastrointestinal discomfort, usually dose-dependent
The practical specifics are simple and have not changed in years: Dosing should be 3 to 5 grams per day (0.03-0.05 g/kg bodyweight), taken at any time
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