Butyrate Produced by Commensal Bacteria Down-Regulates Indolamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) Expression via a Dual Mechanism in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Wound healing: It accelerates wound closure, reduces scarring, and enhances tissue remodeling through multiple pathways including angiogenesis and nerve regeneration
Vitamin B12 Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH, 11 March 2021, [Full Article] Mayo Clinic
Typically dosed at 100-300 mcg daily Administered via subcutaneous injection before bedtime Reconstitute 5mg vial with 3.0 mL bacteriostatic water May support deeper, more restorative sleep Well-tolerated in studies, with occasional mild injection site reactions Reconstitution Vial strength 5 mg Bacteriostatic water 3 mL Concentration 1.67 mg/mL 1 unit = 0.01 mL = 16.7 mcg 1Draw 3.0 mL of bacteriostatic water using a sterile syringe
While there are typically no side effects to IV vitamin therapy, any that do appear are usually minor