can glutathione supplements cause cancer What do cells eat? New research reveals surprising fuel source Glutathione determines chronic myeloid leukemia

This is one of the few studies using human cells, but it is an in vitro model, not a clinical outcome

They are a research format for evaluating dissolution behavior, ingredient distribution, and formulation performance in laboratory settings

10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108373 19 DaiZ.XinH.FuQ.HaoH.LiQ.LiuQ.et al (2019)

[6] Release of GST-A1 as an indication of cellular necrosis [edit] Increases in serum and urinary GST-A1 have been found in association with hepatocyte and renal proximal tubular necrosis respectively, and have potential for monitoring injury to these tissues

The key detail for patient-facing content is that GHK-Cus status depends on the route of administration, so injectable and non-injectable forms should not be described the same way