l carnitine pathway l-carnitine alleviates synovitis in knee osteoarthritis by regulating lipid accumulation and mitochondrial function through the AMPK-ACC-CPT1 signaling | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Schematics of proposed pathway for

As a core cell cycle inhibitor, p21 both suppresses key G1/S-phase kinases and directly binds to proliferating cell nuclear antigen, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and enforcing synergistic cell cycle arrest (11)

They demonstrated that hypoxia-induced global lactylation is a primary driver of PASMC proliferation, and inhibiting glycolysis with oxamate effectively abolished this phenotype, positioning the metabolic-epigenetic axis as a reversible therapeutic target

TAT-fused cationic peptides can provoke mast-cell and complement reactions on any dose in a course, not just the first

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