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Get StartedGet Started B12 Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for several vital functions in the body, including nervous system health, red blood cell production, and DNA synthesis
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Techniques in Orthopaedics
Why mitochondria matter As you might recall from your high school biology textbook, mitochondria are considered the powerhouses of the cell because of their role as energy suppliers, intercellular signalers, and metabolic coordinators.3 As such, theyre central to a biological process called apoptosis (cell death), which involves the disposal of damaged or abnormal cells.4 Also, apart from the nucleus, mitochondria are the only other parts of a human cell that carry DNA.5 Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction is inextricably linked to health conditions stemming from cellular breakdown and chromosomal changes, both of which correlate with aging.6 7 Apart from primary mitochondrial diseases such as Leigh syndrome and MELAS syndrome, these health conditions include but arent limited to:8 9 10 Cancer Diabetes Heart disease Kidney diseases Neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimers and Parkinsons) Hearing loss Eyesight abnormalities Oxidative stress Metabolic imbalance Inflammation Myalgic encephalomyelitis, or ME/CFS (potentially
Mir Ali, MD, is a bariatric surgeon and medical director of MemorialCare Surgical Weight Loss Center at Orange Coast Medical Center in Fountain Valley, California
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